Amino acid

Nucleic acid :- Nucleic acid is a macromolecule with acid property and it was isolated from the nucleus of cells and hence it is named as lucleic acid.

It is made up C,H,O,N and P.

The nucleic acid is first isolated in 1868 by miesher from the nucleic of pus cells on hospital bandages. 

He called  it nuclein. Altmann (1880) gave the name nucleic acid.

Nucleic acids are found in all organisms such as plants, animals , bacteria and viruses. They are found in the nucleus as well as in the cytoplasm.

Nucleic acid molecules is a long chain polymer, It is composed of monomeric units, called nucleotides.

Each nucleotide consists of nucleotide and a phosphate group.

Each nucleoside consist of a pentose suger and a nitrogenous base. The sugar is Ribose in the case of RNA & deoxyribose in the case of DNA.

The nitrogenous based  are of two types , mainly purines and pyrimidine there are two main purine bases adenine and guanine. Similarly there are a three main pyrimidine bases. They are cytosine, thymine and uracil DNA contains all there bases Except uracil RNA contains all these base except thymine.

Nucleoside

A base combined with a sugar molecules is called nucleioside.

In DNA four different nucleotides are present. They are adenosine, guanosine, cytocine, thymine.

In RNA , deoxyribose suger is replaced by ribose and the base thymine is replaced by uracil.

Nucleotides

A nucleotides is derived from a nucleoside by the addition of a molecule of phosphoric acid. The DNA contains four different types of nucleotides.

They are adenylic acid , cytidylic acid and thymidylic acid. The RNA contains uridylic acid instead of thymidylic acid.